Publications: 1990-1994

432) R. Masuma, D.-Z. Zhen, Y. Tanaka, and S. Ōmura: Site of regulation of nanaomycin biosynthesis by inorganic phosphate. J. Antibiot., 43, 83-87 (1990).

433) S. Funayama, M. Ishibashi, Y. Anraku, K. Komiyama, and S. Ōmura: Structures of novel antibiotics, furaquinocins A and B. Tetrahedron Lett., 30, 7427-7430 (1989).

434) N. Inatomi, H. Satoh, Y. Maki, N. Hashimoto, Z. Itoh, and S. Ōmura: An erythromycin derivative, EM-523, induces motilin-like gastrointestinal motility in dogs. Pharmacol. and Exp. Ther., 251, 707-712 (1989).

435) A. B. Smith, III, J. L. Wood, C. J. Rizzo, G. T. Furst, P. J. Carroll, J. Donohue, and S. Ōmura: Solution and crystal structures of (+)-hitachimycin (stubomycin). J. Org. Chem., 55, 1133-1135 (1990).

436) H. Takeshima, M. Namiki, J. Inokoshi, T. Lee, A. Abe, Y. Suzuki, and S. Ōmura: Stable expression of hepatitis B virus genome in a primate kidney cell. Arch. Virol., 109, 35-49 (1989).

437) S. Funayama, M. Ishibashi, K. Komiyama, and S. Ōmura: Biosynthesis of furaquinocins A and B. J. Org. Chem., 55, 1132-1133 (1990).

438) K. Komiyama, S. Funayama, Y. Anraku, M. Ishibashi, Y. Takahashi, and S. Ōmura: Novel antibiotics, furaquinocins A and B. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and physico-chemical and biological characteristics. J. Antibiot., 43, 247-252 (1990).

439) S. Kakinuma, H. Ikeda, S. Ōmura, and D. A. Hopwood: Biosynthesis of kalafungin in Streptomyces tanashiensis J. Antibiot., 43, 391-396 (1990).

440) H. Kumagai, H. Tomoda, and S. Ōmura: Method of search for microbial inhibitors of mevalonate biosynthesis using animal cells. J. Antibiot., 43, 397-402 (1990).

441) S. Ōmura, Y. Kondo, and Z. Itoh: Motilide, Motilin-like macrolides (Review article). In "Motilin" (Ed. Z. Itoh) 245-256, Academic Press (1990).

442) Y. Tanaka and S. Ōmura: Metabolism and products of actinomycetes-an introduction. Actinomycetol., 4, 13-14 (1990).

443) Y. Takahashi, Y. Seki, Y. Tanaka, R. Oiwa, Y. Iwai, and S. Ōmura: Vertical distribution of microorganisms in soils. Actinomycetol., 4, 1-6 (1990).

444) R. Thiericke, A. Zeeck, A. Nakagawa, S. Ōmura, R. E. Herrold, S. T. S. Wu, J. M. Beale, and H. G. Floss: Biosynthesis of the manumycin group of antibiotics. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 112, 3979-3987 (1990).

445) S. Ōmura, Y. Tanaka, I. Kanaya, M. Shinose, and Y. Takahashi: Phthoxazolin, a specific inhibitor of cellulose biosynthesis, produced by a strain of Streptomyces sp. J. Antibiot., 43, 1034-1036 (1990).

446) K. Oshino, H. Kumagai, H. Tomoda, and S. Ōmura: Mechanism of action of atpenin B on Raji cells. J. Antibiot., 43, 1064-1068 (1990).

447) A. B. Smith, III, J. L. Wood, W. Wong, A. E. Gould, C. J. Rizzo, S. Funayama, and S. Ōmura: (+)-Trienomycins A, B, and C: Relative and absolute stereochemistry. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 112, 7425-7426 (1990).

448) S. Kakinuma, H. Ikeda, H. Tanaka, and S. Ōmura: Isolation of restriction-reduced mutants from Streptomyces. Agricult. Biol. Chem., 54, 2611-2617 (1990).

449) H. Tomoda and S. Ōmura: New strategy for discovery of enzyme inhibitors: screening with intact mammalian cells or intact microorganisms having special functions (Review article). J. Antibiot., 43, 1207-1222 (1990).

450) H. Mori, S. Funayama, Y. Sudo, K. Komiyama, and S. Ōmura: A new antibiotic, 13-hydroxyglucopiericidin A. Isolation, structure elucidation and biological characteristics. J. Antibiot., 43, 1329-1331 (1990).

451) T. Satoh, N. Inatomi, H. Satoh, S. Marui, Z. Itoh, and S. Ōmura: EM-523, an erythromycin derivative, and motilin show similar contractile activity in isolated rabbit intestine. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 254., 940-944 (1990).

452) T. Katagiri, A. Yamaguchi, T. Ikeda, S. Yoshiki, J. M. Wozney, V. Rosen, E. A. Wang, H. Tanaka, S. Ōmura, and T. Suda: The non-osteogenic mouse pluripotent cell line, C3H10T1/2, is induced to differentiate into osteoblastic cells by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 172, 295-299 (1990).

453) T. Katagiri, T. Lee, H. Takeshima, T. Suda, H. Tanaka, and S. Ōmura: Transforming growth factor-β modulates proliferation and differentiation of mouse clonal osteoblastic MC3T3-El cells depending on their maturation stages. Bone and Mineral, 11, 285-293 (1990).

454) H. Kumagai, H. Nishida, N. Imamura, H. Tomoda, and S. Ōmura: The structures of atpenins A4, A5 and B, new antifungal antibiotics produced by Penicillium sp. J. Antibiot., 43, 1553-1558 (1990).

455) S. Ōmura, T. Fujimoto, K. Otoguro, K. Matsuzaki, R. Moriguchi, H. Tanaka, and Y. Sasaki: Lactacystin, a novel microbial metabolite, induces neuritogenesis of neuroblastoma cells. J. Antibiot., 44, 113-116 (1991).

456) S. Ōmura, K. Matsuzaki, T. Fujimoto, K. Kosuge, T. Furuya, S. Fujita, and A. Nakagawa: Structure of lactacystin, a new microbial metabolite which induces differentiation of neuroblastoma cells. J. Antibiot., 44, 117-118 (1991).

457) H. Tomoda, H. Nishida, R. Masuma, J. Cao, S. Okuda, and S. Ōmura: Purpactins, new inhibitors of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase produced by Penicillium purpurogenum. I. Production, isolation and physico-chemical and biological properties. J. Antibiot., 44, 136-143 (1991).

458) H. Nishida, H. Tomoda, J. Cao, S. Okuda, and S. Ōmura: Purpactins, new inhibitors of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase produced by Penicillium purpurogenum. II. Structure elucidation of purpactins A, B and C. J. Antibiot., 44, 144-151 (1991).

459) H. Nishida, H. Tomoda, J. Cao, S. Araki, S. Okuda, and S. Ōmura: Purpactins, new inhibitors of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase produced by Penicillium purpurogenum. III. Chemical modification of purpactin A. J. Antibiot., 44, 152-159 (1991).

460) H. Tomoda, K. Igarashi, J.-C. Cyong, and S. Ōmura: Evidence for an essential role of long chain acyl-CoA synthetase in animal cell proliferation. J. Biol. Chem., 266, 4214-4219 (1991).

461) M. Ishibashi, S. Funayama, Y. Anraku, K. Komiyama, and S. Ōmura: Novel antibiotics, furaquinocins C, D, E, F, G and H. J. Antibiot., 44, 390-395 (1991).

462) S. Ōmura, H. Ikeda, and H. Tanaka: Selective production of specific components of avermectins in Streptomyces avermitilis. J. Antibiot., 44, 560-563 (1991).

463) A. B. Smith, III, J. L. Wood, and S. Ōmura: (+)-Mycotrienins I and II: Relative and absolute stereochemistry. Tetrahedron Lett., 32, 841-842 (1991).

464) A. B. Smith, III, J. L. Wood, A. E. Goud, S. Ōmura, and K. Komiyama: Isolation and structure determination of (+)-trienomycin F. An endgame synthetic strategy for the trienomycin family of antitumor antibiotics. Tetrahedron Lett., 32, 1627-1630, (1991).

465) S. Ōmura and Y. Tanaka: Strategy and methods in screening of new microbial metabolites for plant protection (Review article). In "Pesticide Chemistry" (Ed. H. Frehse) 87-96, VCH (1991).

466) H. Ikeda and S. Omura: Genetics of antibiotic-producing Streptomyces. The Kitasato Arch. Exp. Med., 63, 143-155 (1990).

467) K. Tsuzuki, F.-S. Yan, K. Otoguro, and S. Ōmura: Synthesis and nematocidal activities of jietacin A and its analogs. J. Antibiot., 44, 774-784 (1991).

468) K. Komiyama, S. Funayama, Y. Anraku, M. Ishibashi, Y. Takahashi, T. Kawakami, and S. Ōmura: A new antibiotic, okicenone. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and biological characteristics. J. Antibiot., 44, 814-818 (1991).

469) S. Funayama, M. Ishibashi, K. Komiyama, and S. Ōmura: A new antibiotic, okicenone. II. Physico-chemical properties and structure elucidation. J. Antibiot., 44, 819-823 (1991).

470) S. Kakinuma, Y. Takada, H. Ikeda, H. Tanaka, S. Ōmura, and D. A. Hopwood: Cloning of large DNA fragments, which hybridize with actinorhodin biosynthesis genes, from kalafungin and nanaomycin A methyl ester producers and identification of genes for kalafungin biosynthesis of the kalafungin producer. J. Antibiot., 44, 995-1005 (1991).

471) S. Kakinuma, H. Ikeda, and S. Ōmura: Genetic studies of the biosynthesis of kalafungin, a benzoisochromanequinone antibiotic. Tetrahedron, 47, 6059-6068 (1991).

472) Y. Takahashi, Y. Iwai, and S. Ōmura: Mode of submerged spore formation in Kitasatosporia setae. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 37, 261-266 (1991).

473) K. Otoguro, K. Komiyama, S. Ōmura, and C. A. Tyson: An in vitro cytotoxicity assay using rat hepatocytes and MTT and Coomassie blue dye as indicators. Atla, 19, 352-360 (1991).

474) Y. Sasaki, M. Seto, K. Komatsu, and S. Ōmura: Staurosporine, a protein kinase inhibitor, attenuates intracellular Ca2+-dependent contractions of strips of rabbit aorta. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 202, 367-372 (1991).

475) Y. Takahashi, Y. Seki, Y. Iwai, and S. Ōmura: Taxonomic properties of five Kitasatosporia strains isolated by a new method. Kitasato Arch. Exp. Med., 64, 123-132 (1991).

476) H. Ikeda and S. Ōmura: Strategic strain improvement of antibiotic producer (Review article). Actinomycetol., 5, 86-99 (1991).

477) H. Nishida, H. Tomoda, S. Okuda, and S. Ōmura: Biosynthesis of purpactin A. J. Org Chem., 57, 1271-1274 (1992).

478) H. Iwase, I. Ishii-Karakasa, K. Hotta, Y. Tanaka, and S. Ōmura: Analysis of porcine gastric mucus glycoprotein added to a culture medium of Streptomyces sp. OH-11242 as the only source of carbon. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 101B, 65l-655 (l992).

479) Y. Honma, T. Kasukabe, M. Hozumi, K. Shibata and S. Ōmura: Effects of herbimycin A derivatives on growth and differentiation of K562 human leukemic cells. Anticancer Res., 12, 189-192 (1992).

480) H. Kumagai, H. Tomoda, and S. Ōmura: Biosynthesis of antibiotic 1233A (F-244) and preparation of [14C]1233A. J. Antibiot., 44, 563-567 (1992).

481) P. G. Dormer and A. B. Smith, III, S. Funayama, and S. Ōmura: Furaquinocins A-G: relative and absolute stereochemistry. Tetrahedron Lett., 33, l7l7-l720 (1992).

482) S. Ōmura: The expanded horizon for microbial metabolites (Review article). Gene, 115, 141-149 (1992).

483) T. Sunazuka, K. Tsuzuki, H. Kumagai, H. Tomoda, H. Tanaka, H. Nagashima, H. Hashizume, and S. Ōmura: Synthesis of 1233A analogs and their inibitory activity against hydroxymethyl-glutaryl Coenzyme A synthetase. J. Antibiot., 45, 1139-1147 (1992).

484) H. Tomoda, X.-H. Huang, H. Nishida, R. Masuma, Y. K. Kim, and S. Ōmura: Glisoprenins, a new inhibitor of acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase produced by Gliocladium sp. FO-1513. I. Production, isolation and physico-chemical and biological properties. J. Antibiot., 45, 1202-1206 (1992).

485) H. Tomoda, H. Nishida, X.-H. Huang, R. Masuma, Y. K. Kim, and S. Ōmura: New cyclodepsipeptides, enniatins D, E and F produced by Fusarium sp. FO-l305. J. Antibiot., 45,1207-1215 (1992).

486) H. Tomoda and S. Ōmura: Microbial secondary metabolites affecting lipid metabolism (Review article). In "Proceedings of the 9th Int. Nat. Biotechnol. Sym. and Exposition" (Eds. M. R. Ladisch and A. Bose) 117-120 (1992).

487) S. Oh-ishi, K. Yamaki, M. Abe, H. Tomoda, and S. Ōmura: The acyl-CoA synthetase inhibitor triacsin C enhanced eicosanoid release in leukocytes. Jpn. J. Pharmacol., 59, 417-418 (1992).

488) S. Ōmura: Trends in the search for bioactive microbial metabolites (Review article). J. Industrial Microbiol., 10, 135-156 (1992).

489) A. B. Smith, III, J. L. Wood, C. J. Rizzo, G. T. Furst, P. J. Carroll, J. Donohue, and S. Ōmura: (+)-Hitachimycin: Stereochemistry and conformational analysis. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 114, 8003-8007 (1992).

490) J. Inokoshi, H. Takeshima, H. Ikeda, and S. Ōmura: Cloning and sequencing of the aculeacin A acylase-encoding gene from Actinoplanes utahensis and expression in Streptomyces lividans. Gene, 119, 29-35 (1992).

491) H. Tomoda, X.-H. Huang, J. Cao, H. Nishida, R. Nagao, S. Okuda, H. Tanaka, S. Ōmura, H. Arai, and K. Inoue: Inhibition of acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase activity by cyclodepsipeptide antibiotics. J. Antibiot., 45, 1626-1632 (1992).

492) H. Nishida, X.-H. Huang, H. Tomoda, and S. Ōmura: Glisoprenins, new inhibitors of acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase produced by Gliocladium sp. FO-1513. II. Structure elucidation of glisoprenins A and B. J. Antibiot., 45, 1669-1676 (1992).

493) S. Funayama, S. Nozoe, C. Tronquet, Y. Anraku, K. Komiyama, and S. Ōmura: Isolation and structure of a new polyether antibiotic, octacyclomycin. J. Antibiot., 45, 1686-1691 (1992).

494) D. V. Der Pyl, J. Inokoshi, K. Shiomi, H. Yang, H. Takeshima, and S. Ōmura: Inhibition of farnesyl-protein transferase by gliotoxin and acetyl-gliotoxin. J. Antibiot., 45, 1802-1805 (1992).

495) Y. Takahashi, H. Egusa, B. Deng, H. Kiyohara, H. Yamada, Y. Iwai, and S. Ōmura: Quantitative analysis for madurose and other sugars in a small amount of actinomycete whole cells by gas-liquid chromatography. Actinomycetol., 6, 69-78 (1992).

496) M. Hayashi, Y. Imai, H. Naraba, H. Tomoda, S. Ōmura, and S. Oh-ishi: Enhanced production of platelet-activating factor in stimulated rat leukocytes pretreated with triacsin C, a novel acyl-CoA synthase inhibitor. Biochim. Biophys. Res. Commun., 188, 1280-1285 (1992).

497) I. Ishii-Karakasa, H. Iwase, K. Hotta, Y. Tanaka, and S. Ōmura: Partial purification and characterization of an endo-a-N-acetylgalactosaminidase from the culture medium of Streptomyces sp. Biochem. J., 288, 475-482 (1992).

498) S. Ōmura, D. Van Der Pyl, J. Inokoshi, Y. Takahashi, and H. Takeshima: Pepticinnamins, new farnesyl-protein transferase inhibitors produced by an actinomycete. I. Producing strain, fermentation, isolation and biological activity. J. Antibiot., 46, 222-228 (1993).

499) K. Shiomi, H. Yang, J. Inokoshi, D. Van Der Pyl, A. Nakagawa, H. Takeshima, and S. Ōmura: Pepticinnamins, new farnesylprotein transferase inhibitors produced by an actinomycete. II. Structural elucidation of pepticinnamin E. J. Antibiot., 46, 229-234 (1993).

500) N. Tabata, Y. Suzumura, H. Tomoda, R. Masuma, K. Haneda, M. Kishi, Y. Iwai, and S. Ōmura: Xanthoquinodins, new anticoccidial agents produced by Humicola sp. Production, isolation and physico-chemical and biological properties. J. Antibiot., 46, 749-755 (1993).

501) N. Tabata, H. Tomoda, Y. Takahashi, K. Haneda, Y. Iwai, H. Boyd Woodruff, and S. Ōmura: Diolmycins, new anticoccidial agents produced by Streptomyces sp. I. Production, isolation and physico-chemical and biological properties. J. Antibiot., 46, 756-761 (1993).

502) N. Tabata, T. Sunazuka, H. Tomoda, T. Nagamitsu, Y. Iwai, and S. Ōmura: Diolmycins, new anticoccidial agents produced by Streptomyces sp. II. Structure elucidation of diolmycis A1, A2, B1 and B2, and synthesis of diolmycin A1. J. Antibiot., 46, 762-769 (1993).

503) H. Tomoda, H. Kumagai, H. Tanaka, and S. Ōmura: Specific binding of β-lactone 1233A to 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-Coenzyme A synthase. J. Antibiot., 46, 872-874 (1993).

504) H. Ikeda, Y. Takada, C.-H. Pang, H. Tanaka, and S. Ōmura: Transposon mutagenesis by Tn4560 and applications with avermectin-producing Streptomyces avermitilis. J. Bacteriol., 175, 2077-2082 (1993).

505) H. Yamada, I. Oya, T. Nagai, T. Matsumoto, H. Kiyohara, and S. Ōmura: Screening of a glucosidase II inhibitor from chinese herbs and its application on the quality control of mulberry bark. Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 47, 47-55 (1993).

506) H. Tanaka and S. Ōmura: Microbial products affecting receptor (Review article). Bioscience and Industry, 51, 11-17 (1993).

507) T. Sunazuka, T. Nagamitsu, K. Matsuzaki, H. Tanaka, S. Ōmura, and A. B. Smith, III: Total synthesis of (+)-lactacystin, the first non-protein neurotrophic factor. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 5302 (1993).

508) S. Ōmura, H. Tomoda, Y. K. Kim., and H. Nishida: Pyripyropenes, high potent inhibitors of acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase produced by Aspergillus fumigatus. J. Antibiot., 46, 1168-1169 (1993).

509) T. Sunazuka, N. Tabata, T. Nagamitsu, H. Tomoda, and S. Ōmura: Synthesis of diolmycin analogs and their anticoccidial activities. J. Antibiot., 46, 1178-1180 (1993).

510) T. Sunazuka, T. Nagamitsu, H. Tanaka, and S. Ōmura: An efficient asymmetric synthesis of the four stereoisomers of 3-hydroxyleucine. Tetrahedron Lett., 34, 4447-4448 (1993).

511) Y. Tanaka, I. Kanaya, Y. Takahashi, M. Shinose, H. Tanaka, and S. Ōmura: Phthoxazolin A, a specific inhibitor of cellulose biosynthesis from microbial origin. I. Discovery, taxonomy of producing microorganism, fermentation, and biological activity. J. Antibiot., 46, 1208-1213 (1993).

512) Y. Tanaka, I. Kanaya, K. Shiomi, H. Tanaka, and S. Ōmura: Phthoxazolin A, a specific inhibitor of cellulose biosynthesis from microbial origin. II. Isolation, physico-chemical properties, and structural elucidations. J. Antibiot., 46, 1214-1218 (1993).

513) J. Inokoshi, H. Takeshima, H. Ikeda, and S. Ōmura: Efficient production of aculeacin A acylase in recombinant Streptomyces strains. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 39, 532-536 (1993).

514) H. Takeshima and S. Omura: Farnesyltransferase inhibitors (Review article). Tanpakushitsu, Kakusan, Koso, 38, 1695-1703 (l993).

515) S. Ōmura, N. Inatomi, and Z. Itoh: Motilides (Review article). Tanpakushitsu, Kakusan, Koso, 38, 1881-1890 (1993).

516) N. Tabata, H. Tomoda, K. Matsuzaki, and S. Ōmura: Structure and biosynthesis of xanthoquinodins, anticoccidial antibiotics. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 8558-8564 (1993).

517) K. Komiyama, S. Takamatsu, Y. Takahashi, M. Shinose, M. Hayashi, H. Tanaka, Y. Iwai, S. Ōmura, and G. Imokawa: New inhibitors of melanogenesis, OH-3984 K1 and K2. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and biological characteristics. J. Antibiot., 46, 1520-1525 (1993).

518) S. Takamatsu, M.-C. Rho, M. Hayashi, K. Komiyama, H. Tanaka, S. Ōmura, and G. Imokawa: New inhibitors of melanogenesis, OH-3984 K1 and K2. II. Physico-chemical properties and structural elucidation. J. Antibiot., 46, 1526-1529 (1993).

519) T. Sunazuka, N. Tabata, T. Nagamitsu, H. Tomoda, S. Ōmura, and A. B. Smith: Asymmetric synthesis of the anticoccidial antibiotic diolmycin A1. Determination of absolute stereochemistry. Tetrahedron Lett., 34, 6659-6660 (1993).

520) O. Kawamura, T. Sekiguchi, Z. Itoh, and S. Ōmura: Effect of erythromycin derivative EM-523L on human interdigestive gastrointestinal tract. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 38, 1026-1031 (1993).

521) Y. Tanaka and S. Ōmura: Agroactive compounds of microbial origin (Review article). Ann. Rev. Microbiol., 47, 57-87 (1993).

522) K. Komiyama, K. Otoguro, T. Segawa, K. Shiomi, H. Yang, Y. Takahashi, M. Hayashi, T. Otani, and S. Ōmura: A new antibiotic, cypemycin. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and biological characteristics. J. Antibiot., 46, 1666-1671 (1993).

523) H. Nagashima, H. Kumagai, H. Tomoda, and S. Ōmura: Inhibition of hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis by a 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl Coenzyme A synthase inhibitor, 1233A, in mice (Review article). Life Sciences, 52, 1595-1600 (1993).

524) J. Inokoshi, H. Takeshima, and S. Ōmura: Identification of precursor peptide of aculeacin A acylase as a protein with proteolytic activity. FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 114, 305-310 (1993).

525) N. Inatomi, T. Satoh, H. Satoh, Z. Itoh, and S. Ōmura: Comparison of the motor-stimulating action of EM-523, an erythromycin derivative, and prostaglandin F2a in conscious dogs. Jpn. J. Pharmacol., 63, 209-217 (l993).

526) H. Ikeda and S. Ōmura: Genetic aspects of the selective production of useful components in the avermectin producer Streptomyces avermitilis. Actinomycetol., 7, 133-144 (1993).

527) N. Tabata, H. Tomoda, R. Masuma, K. Haneda, Y. Iwai, and S. Ōmura: Hynapenes A, B and C, new anticoccidial agents produced by Penicillium sp. I. Production, isolation and physico-chemical and biological properties. J. Antibiot., 46, 1849-1853 (1993).

528) N. Tabata, H. Tomoda, Y. Iwai, and S. Ōmura: Hynapenes A, B and C, new anticoccidial agents produced by Penicillium sp. II. Structure elucidation. J. Antibiot., 46, 1854-1858 (1993).

529) S. Ōmura, H. Tanaka, K. Matsuzaki, H. Ikeda, and R. Masuma: Isochromophilones I and II, novel inhibitors against gp120-CD4 binding from Penicillium sp. J. Antibiot., 46, 1908-1911 (1993).

530) H. Cho, J. M. Beale, C. Graff, U. Mocek, A. Nakagawa, S. Ōmura, and H. G. Floss: Studies on the biosynthesis of the antibiotic reductinomycin in Streptomyces xanthochromogenus. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 12296-12304 (1993).

531) K. Matsuzaki, N. Tabata, H. Tomoda, Y. Iwai, H. Tanaka, and S. Ōmura: The structure of xanthoquinodin A1, a novel anticoccidial antibiotic having a new xanthone-anthraquinone conjugate system. Tetrahedron Lett., 34, 8251-8254 (1993).

532) R. Masuma, N. Tabata, H. Tomoda, K. Haneda, Y. Iwai, and S. Ōmura: Arohynapenes A and B, new anticoccidial agents produced by Penicillium sp. Taxonomy, fermentation, and structure elucidation. J. Antibiot., 47, 46-53 (1994).

533) H. Tomoda and S. Ōmura: Triacsins, inhibitors of fatty acid activating enzyme (Review article). Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso, 38, 1929-1937 (1993).

534) H. Tomoda, Y. K. Kim. H. Nishida, R. Masuma, and S. Ōmura: Pyripyropenes, novel inhibitors of acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase produced by Aspergillus fumigatus. I. Production, Isolation, and biological properties. J. Antibiot., 47, 148-153 (1994).

535) Y. K. Kim, H. Tomoda, H. Nishida, T. Sunazuka, R. Obata, and S. Ōmura: Pyripyropenes, novel inhibitors of acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase produced by Aspergillus fumigatus. II. Structure elucidation of pyripyropenes A, B, C and D. J. Antibiot., 47, 154-162 (1994).

536) M. J. Bibb, D. H. Sherman, S. Ōmura, and D. A. Hopwood: Cloning sequencing and deduced functions of a cluster of Streptomyces genes probably encoding biosynthesis of the polyketide antibiotic frenolicin. Gene, 142, 31-39 (1994).

537) S. Sato, Y. Honma, M. Hozumi, Y. Hayashi, Y. Matsuo, K. Shibata, S. Ōmura, K.-I. Hino, S. Tomoyasu, and N. Tsuruoka. Effects of herbimycin A and its derivatives on growth and differentiation of Ph-positive acute lymphoid leukemia cell lines. Leukemia Res., 18, 221-228 (1994).

538) H. Hashizume, H. Ito, K. Yamada, H. Nagashima, M. Kanao, H. Tomoda, T. Sunazuka, H. Kumagai, and S. Ōmura: Synthesis and biological activity of new 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) synthase inhibitors: 2-oxetanones with a side chain mimicking the folded structure of 1233A. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 42, 512-520 (1994).

539) S. Takamatsu, M.-C. Rho, R. Masuma, M. Hayashi, R. Komiyama, H. Tanaka, and S. Ōmura: A novel testosterone 5a-reductase inhibitor, 8',9'-dehydro-ascochlorin produced by Verticillium sp. FO-2787. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 42, 953-956 (1994).

540) N. Funato, H. Takayanagi, Y. Konda, Y. Toda, Y. Harigaya, Y. Iwai, and S. Ōmura: Absolute configuration of staurosporine by X-ray analysis. Tetrahedron Lett., 35, 1251-1254 (1994).

541) J. Inokoshi, H. Tomoda, H. Hashimoto, A. Watanabe, H. Takeshima, and S. Ōmura: Cerulenin-resistant mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with an altered fatty acid synthase gene. Mol. Gen. Genet. 244, 90-96 (1994).

542) H. Tomoda and S. Ōmura: Lipid metabolism inhibitors of microbial origin (Review article). The Kitasato Arch., 65, sup. 1-12 (1993).

543) H. Hashizume, H. Ito, N. Kanaya, H. Nagashima, H. Usui, R. Oshima, M. Kanao, H. Tomoda, T. Sunazuka, H. Kumagai, and S. Ōmura: Synthesis and biological activity of new 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase inhibitors: 2-Oxetanones with a meta-substituent on the benzene ring in the side chain. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 42, 1271-1278 (1994).

544) H. Hashizume, H. Ito, N. Kanaya, H. Nagashima, H. Usui, R. Oshima, M. Kanao, H. Tomoda, T. Sunazuka, T. Nagamitsu, H. Kumagai, and S. Ōmura: Synthesis and biological activities of new HMG-CoA synthase inhibitors: 2-oxetanones with a side chain containing biphenyl, triphenyl or phenylpyridine. Heterocycles, 38, 1551-1571 (1994).

545) T. Sunazuka, R. Obata, L. Zhuorong, S. Takamatsu, K. Komiyama, S. Ōmura, and A. B. Smith, III: Relative and absolute stereochemistry of the melanogenesis inhibitors OH-3984 K1 and K2. Partial synthesis from albocycline. Tetrahedron Lett., 35, 2635-2636 (1994).

546) A. Nakagawa, S. Takahashi, K. Uchida, K. Matsuzaki, S. Ōmura, A. Nakamura, N. Kurihara, T. Nakamatsu, Y. Miyake, K. Take, and M. Kainosho: Biosynthesis of lactacystin. Origin of the carbons and stereospecific NMR assignment of the two diastereotopic methyl groups. Tetrahedron Lett., 35, 5009-5012 (1994).

547) C.-H. Pang, M. Shiiyama, H. Ikeda, H. Tanaka, and S. Ōmura: Cosmid vector for cloning and analysis of Streptomyces DNA. Actinomycetol. 8, 21-25 (1994).

548) Y. Iwai, Z.-R. Li, and S. Omura: Studies on Indolo[2,3-a]carbazole alkaloids from microorganisms: Staurosporine (Review article). Kagaku to Seibutsu, 32, 463-469 (1994).

549) K. Haneda, M. Shinose, A. Seino, N. Tabata, H. Tomoda, Y. Iwai, and S. Ōmura: Cytosaminomycins, new anticoccidial agents produced by Streptomyces sp. KO-8119. I. Taxonomy, production, isolation and physico-chemical and biological properties. J. Antibiot., 47, 774-781 (1994).

550) K. Shiomi, K. Haneda, H. Tomoda, Y. Iwai, and S. Ōmura: Cytosaminomycins, new anticoccidial agents produced by Streptomyces sp. KO-8119. II. Structure elucidation of cytosaminomycins A, B, C and D. J. Antibiot., 47, 782-786 (1994).

551) H. Hashizume, H. Ito, T. Morikawa, N. Kanaya, H. Nagashima, H. Usui, H. Tomoda, T. Sunazuka, H. Kumagai, and S. Ōmura: Synthesis and biological activity of new 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase inhibitors: 2-Oxetanones with a side chain mimicking the extended structure of 1233A. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 42, 2097-2107 (1994).

552) H. Yoshida, N. Arai, M. Sugoh, J. Iwabuchi, K. Shiomi, M. Shinose, Y. Tanaka, and S. Ōmura: 4-Chlorothreonine, a herbicidal antimetabolite produced by Streptomyces sp. OH-5093. J. Antibiot., 47, 1165-1166 (1994).

553) K. Matsuzaki, H. Ikeda, T. Ogino, A. Matsumoto, H. Boyd Woodruff, H. Tanaka, and S. Ōmura: Chloropeptins I and II, novel inhibitors against gp120-CD4 binding from Streptomyces sp. J. Antibiot., 47, 1173-1174 (1994).

554) S. Ōmura and H. Tomoda: Microbial metabolites affecting lipid biosynthesis. Pure and Appl. Chem., 66, 2267-2270 (l994). (Proceeding of 19th International Symposium on the Chemistry of Natural Products).

555) S. Ōmura and H. Takeshima: Farnesyl-protein transferase inhibitors (Review article). Drugs of the Future, 19, 751-755 (l994).

556) Y. Minami, K. Yoshida, Y. Azuma, A. Urakawa, T. Kawauchi, T. Otani, K. Komiyama, and S. Ōmura: Structure of cypemycin, a new peptide antibiotic. Tetrahedron Lett., 35, 8001-8004 (l994).

557) M. Satoh, T. Sakai, I. Sano, K. Fujikura, H. Koyama, K. Ohshima, Z. Itoh, and S. Ōmura: EM574, an erythromycin derivative, is a potent motilin receptor agonist in human gastric antrum. J. Pharm. Exp. Thr., 271, 574-579 (1994).

558) T. Oikawa, H. Ogasawara, H. Sano, K. Shibata, and S. Ōmura: Possible functional groups responsible for inhibition of in vivo angiogenesis by herbimycin A. Biol. Pharm. Bull., 17, 1430-1432 (1994).

559) H. Tomoda, H. Nishida, Y. K. Kim, R. Obata, T. Sunazuka, S. Ōmura, J. Bordner, M. Guadliana, P. G. Dormer, and A. B. Smith, III: Relative and absolute stereochemistry of pyripyropene A, a potent, bioavailable inhibitor of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyl-transferase (ACAT). J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 12097-12098 (1994).

560) S. Ōmura: Macrolide Antibiotics (in Japanese). Ther. Res., 15, Symposium Series No. 414, 56-66 (1994).